BARON HAUSSMANN: VISIONARY FOR MODERN PARIS OR VANDAL OF HISTORY?
The Paris we know today has only existed, in large part, since the mid-19th century. Before then, much of the medieval city was a dark, overcrowded and unhealthy place. The wide, tree-lined boulevards and fine, creamy stone buildings we enjoy and admire today are mostly due to one man, Georges-Eugène Haussmann. The dramatic urban renovation program undertaken by Haussmann was under the orders of Napoleon lll, nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, a visionary and idealist, who was determined to transform Paris into a modern city fit for the new industrial era.